Warrant officers' pay was still set by act of Congress, but their privileges, benefits, and pensions were equal to those of second lieutenants. Officers were paid in pay periods of 1st (second lieutenants and ensigns) through 8th (generals and admirals). The "7th grade" indicated the lowest enlisted grade (i.e., private) and the "1st grade" signified the highest (i.e., master sergeant). Trades were now grouped in seven "grades" of pay separated by rank. Military budgets had previously paid servicemen by their military occupation rather than their rank, leading to 134 different trades with an array of insignia and no clear authority. Previously, the grades of pay were numbered from 1 (general or admiral) to about 21 (private or apprentice seaman). In 1920, the United States Army pay grade system was modified so the enlisted ranks were completely separated from the officer ranks. "Insignia of the Army of the United States", Office of War Information. 202, dated 7 July 1948, which provided for significant changes in both rank and insignia design. The usage of this style of insignia was ended by Department of the Army Circular No. 303 on 5 August 1920 and would see two significant changes in 1942. This scheme of rank insignia was established by War Department Circular No. An unauthorized variant that nevertheless saw wide use was olive drab chevrons on a khaki cotton background for wear on the "summer" uniform dress coats (introduced in 1929 and discontinued for issue in 1938) and dress shirts. The color scheme used for the insignia's chevron design was defined as golden olive drab chevrons on a dark blue-black wool background for wear on "winter" uniform dress coats and dress shirts or silvery-khaki chevrons on a dark blue-black cotton background for wear on the various types of field jackets and "winter" uniform fatigue shirts. Army enlisted rank insignia that was used during World War II differs from the current system.
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